Geography is linked to all subjects so school projects can be multidisciplinary and help advance writing, research, mathematics, and history skills. Use individual and classroom projects to learn about cultures, map reading, threats to species, indigenous tribes, and other topics. Lessons will be memorable by using a combination of research presentations and tactile displays.

Homes and the Places Where They Are Located

Habitat destruction can be devastating for vulnerable species. It can also alter the landscape and cause dramatic changes in favor of more robust species like humans. Discuss the causes and effects habitat loss in China’s bamboo rainforests for the Giant Panda. You can use photos and videos of conservation efforts in other countries to breed the pandas. Divide the class and ask the one-person group to conduct research on the habitat and effects of Arctic glacier melt on food supplies, reproduction, as well as the wild population of polar bears. The other group should study wildfires and extreme droughts in the American West. They will also need to explain how they affect cities, agriculture, and housing. Each group gives a Powerpoint presentation and leads discussion.

Every Mountain Climbable

Students learn about the geological and political boundaries, weather conditions, elevations, and cultures of mountains. They also get to see the stories behind shifting land masses, volcanic islands, and plate tectonics. The project teams will focus on a mountain range/seamount to tell its “story,” starting from its birth to current formation. A raised topological diagram could help to show the area of the range in relation to the ocean or surrounding landforms. Vertical views will show the changes in flora or fauna at different elevations and the depths of the aquatic life. Some papers that have been researched may provide insight into the lives and history of people who lived at the top of mountains. Assign or suggest the Himalayas.

The stream flowed swiftly.
The class project is designed to teach students about regions around the world as well as how they live. This project is suitable for all grades. Each group chooses an important river and makes a presentation on screen or paper. They will have to identify the river’s headwaters as well its delta. The topography and politics of the region it flows through, the annual flooding and drought patterns and the unique lifeforms they support. You can suggest or assign river systems such as the Amazon, Mississippi, Ganges, Yangtze, or Volga.

Taking a journey by car
A map of a road trip can be used as a class exercise, group study, or individual homework assignment. For K-2 students, a map project could be as simple as a local mapping of a block or neighborhood. High school students can take part in statewide explorations that last a semester. To tailor the project to each age level, there are many elements that can be included: discussion of maps, direction determination, measuring latitude/longitude, familiarity and use of a globe, and hands-on practice in finding points on a map. Students may decide on a region to focus their group project and then agree on a starting and stopping point. They use a papermap to create an itinerary, plan daily travel, learn map skills and brainstorm how to overcome obstacles. Students may also present specialized information such as historical, ecological and culinary research in order to make the trip vividly alive for their classmates.

Each state has its own rules that define what ninth grade World Geography students will be studying. Students are taught basic geography and learn about the effects of diversity on global relationships. The ninth graders who have completed a World Geography course will be able describe, analyze, explain, and identify the political, cultural, and economic differences across the globe.

Geographical Physical Information

Students learn about the different physical characteristics of each continent. Virginia’s Standards of Learning mandate that students learn how technology, climate and people impact the natural and social processes that shape the Earth. These include erosion of beaches, pollution, and harvesting of rain forests. Ninth graders also learn how to identify and label different areas of the globe by identifying their physical characteristics and shading climate zones.

Understanding Culture

The Ninth Grade World Geography students are taught about religions, languages and traditions. Cultural geography also looks at the influences of different cultures and patterns of human settlement. The ninth graders in Bozeman Public Schools learn about the distribution, complexity, and characteristics of Earth’s cultural mosaics. Students can use this knowledge to understand world cultures, plan for the future, and interpret the past.

Political Distinctions

World Geography classes help ninth graders understand the forces that lead to divisions and partnerships around the world. National Geographic states that countries can work together to manage the Earth’s surface. While cooperation is the result of a common understanding, conflict arises when different countries have different views on how the Earth should be divided, controlled, and managed. Virginia’s ninth-graders learn to understand and analyze why political divisions occur and how countries cooperate to resolve disputes and solve problems.

Economic distribution

World Geography ninth grade students also study economic issues such as exports and imports, natural resource distribution and income distribution. New York’s ninth grade students learn about economic development, land use, population shifts, transport networks and other topics. According to the National Geographic Geography Standards, geographic literacy is essential for national security, economic competitiveness and quality of life.

In North America, there are approximately 300 waterfalls. Students can learn a lot more from majestic landforms such as Niagara Falls. Teachers can provide lesson plans and assignments on waterfalls. They will also help students learn about geography and science.

Waterfall Models

Have students create replicas of famous waterfalls to teach them about the different types. Students should be encouraged to make models using clays, papier-mache and landforms. Water can be represented with paints, streamers, or cellophane. Show students their models and provide an informative presentation.

Waterfall Effect

Create a lesson about neurophysiology that is based on the movement of waterfalls for older students. To focus on the falling water, take a fieldtrip. The brain tricks you by appearing to move a stationary object, such as trees, after staring at the stream of water. It is both engaging and interactive, giving you an excellent insight into the brain’s functioning.

The kinetic energy of waterfalls is studied.
Engineers have studied the physical properties of waterfalls for decades to create man-made variants of natural landforms. These variations are then used to power dams and other energy sources. Students can visualize the power generated by water by pouring it from various heights. The splash size is a measure of the water’s power. This project will teach students how to convert potential energy into kinetic energie.

The process of erosion that occurs from waterfalls.
Riverbed erosion is often responsible for waterfalls. Students can demonstrate erosion through soil and rocks by having students participate in erosion experiments. For example, use angled planks made of wood covered with soil or rocks. Then, have students pour buckets full of water down bank sides to move layers of river bed. Students will be able visualize how water forces create new landforms.

Second graders are able to see the whole world through maps. Maps can be used to access mountains of information about geographic regions. They will learn how to determine why some areas are hotter than others, as well as what it means to those who live there. Some teachers take their students on a fun adventure of making water and flour maps. Then they paint them to showcase the ideas they’ve gained.
What are map skills?
Second grade geography is all about understanding maps. To understand the different features that the map legend identifies, students are required to learn how to interpret it. The map scale shows the area that each map covers. You can use different types of maps to show the world, such as globes and maps of specific states or cities. Many students create maps of their communities. This includes the streets where they live and the schools they attend. They use a compasses rose to identify which areas are north-south, south-west, and west.

Identify Key Features

Second graders can quickly identify the locations of the north, south and equator on a globe and their hemispheres. They are able to identify features such mountain ranges as deserts and water bodies on topographical maps. They are able recognize the continents and oceans. Studying maps of states and communities enables them to see how man-made landmarks such as airports or railroads, dams, or other important attractions, are identified.

North America: Focus

They learn how to identify North America by focusing on North America. They learn how to locate the boundaries of states on a map. They usually learn to identify major mountain ranges, Great Lakes, or major rivers in the United States. While some classes know the names of all 50 US states, they are often more proficient at reading and writing maps. The time they spend on their individual states, their capitols, major features and other important details is much more than that of their classmates.

Geography and its Effects

Second grade geography is all about understanding how climate, features and location affect an area. For example, climate affects the way people dress and what they do. Skiing and hiking are popular in mountainous areas. Boating is encouraged in areas along rivers and oceans. While some areas are warmer or colder than others, others have more consistent seasons. Students can also learn about the effects of human activities on a geographical area. Man-made dams and lakes can be a source of tourism and a water community. Overuse can result in the loss of resources and changes in activities. They might also discuss the reasons people move to one area from another and pinpoint their family’s origin countries on a globe map.

Students in middle school can use scale drawing to improve their artistic abilities, spatial awareness, geometry, pre-algebra and ratios. Middle school students may not be able to create architectural sketches of draftsmen quality, but they can reproduce one-dimensional images at smaller or larger sizes. Begin discussions with students about scale drawings.

Map Search

Students can be introduced to scale using maps and globes. Large maps can be used as a demonstration of distance and scale measurement. You can calculate the distance between the two points of the map by using the scale measurement in miles or kilometers. Split the class into four groups and let them each examine several globes and maps in the classroom or online. The groups should record the scales of the maps and calculate how far they are from each other. After the research is done, have students create a map representing their state with their own scale measurements. The students should calculate the distance between their town and the capitol of the state on each map. This will help them to decide which maps are correct and which maps are inaccurate.

Restoring a Hallway

Students who understand ratios are able to create scale maps that reflect their surroundings. Divide the class in pairs. Each pair should choose a classroom in the school or a hallway. Each pair must make a map to show their area. Let students choose their scale but show them how difficult it can be to choose a proportion that is too small or large. Demonstrate to students how to measure and translate these to scale using ratio division. At the end of each assignment, have each pair present their map to class.

Cellular structures in comics.
In a lesson on increasing the size of an object or drawing, use comic strip cells. Each student should bring in one comic-book page. Take measurements and note the lengths of each edge. Students make a grid within their cell using 1/4-inch boxes.
Students create a grid using an 8 1/2-by-11 inch piece of paper. Each square is composed of one-inch squares. Students create a comic strip again by using one square of the 1/4-inch grid to draw a grid. Then, they will increase the size of the image to fit the 1-inch square on their larger grid. Once completed, students may color the images and hang them in class.

A sustainable ecosystem refers to a biological environment that supports itself and its inhabitants without the need for outside assistance. Everything is provided in an ecosystem that supports life.

Qualities for Sustainable Ecosystems

The country has many sustainable ecosystems, including biological diversity. Diversity refers to a wide range of species that are present. Other important characteristics include the availability of acreage to roam and expand, unpolluted water sources and controlled or limited human activity.

Ecosystems that Endanger Sustainable Sustainability

Human actions are threatening the sustainability of endangered ecosystems worldwide. Coral reefs are a prime example of an ecosystem rapidly becoming unsustainable. It is now in danger of being destroyed by coral mining and cyanide fishery.

Examples Of Sustainable Ecosystems

There are still sustainable ecosystems in existence, however. The Appalachian region of the United States southwestern is one of the most biodiverse areas in the world. Sustainable ecosystems are not only populated by dense forests but also cities that recycle and live in harmony with their surroundings.

Cultural geography, a subfield in geography, studies the relationship between peoples and the areas they live. This includes both the study of the human impact on a specific region and the effects on people living in it. A geographer may study many cultural elements.

Cultural Diversity

Geographers must remember that culture is constantly changing and being disseminated. Cultures change over time. They can change over both short and long time periods. These changes may be caused by physical proximity. These changes can also be caused by global events or technological advancements. However, cultural geographers are required to observe changes in culture over time.

Language and Linguistics

Language is a key characteristic of culture. It can both shape culture and be shaped. Cultural geographers may study the linguistic patterns in a region to gain insight into its history and culture. One example is that accents, dialects and other elements of linguistics may be spread across a region over a time period. Other times, they might be restricted to one place or time. Even though the majority of Americans speak English, the accents and vocabulary of the South are different from those of the North. The flow and distribution of these linguistic differences may interest a cultural geographer.

Religion Beliefs

Another important aspect of a culture is its religion. To understand the interactions between people and their environment, cultural geographers may look at the religions that are prevalent in the area. Ea was an ancient god of fertility and water. Geographers can also examine the global distribution and popularity for religions to get an idea of how beliefs and customs travel over time and across places.

Architectural Insights

Cultural geographers are able to see the relationship between a group and their land by looking at how they build buildings. The diverse American Indian cultures developed building types that were tailored to their unique climates. Modern metropolitan areas, like New York’s Manhattan, are built on solid layers of rock.

Agriculture and Cuisine

Culture is a large part of cuisine. It is also partially influenced by the resources of the area’s agriculture. Cultural geographers can look closely at the region’s cuisine to gain insight into the people’s relationship with their land. A region’s economic composition can be influenced by its cultural aspects.
Exporting a region’s traditional or favorite food can bring it some economic success.

The environment has received a lot attention due to all the concern that humans have about its effects. A lot of research has been done regarding the world’s ecosystems. While many factors can impact these ecosystems, the biggest factor that threatens them is their population.

The number of people living in an area.
A population refers to a group or species of organisms that can interbreed but live in the exact same area. Examples include the deer, wolf and human populations in an area.

What size?
The most powerful factor that can affect an ecosystem is its population. The ecosystem is more stressed if there are large populations. An ecosystem that has too many people could become unsustainable.

The repetition of events over a period of time is referred to as a cycle.
The growth and contraction of a population is a constant process. If a person’s population grows rapidly, it can cause a crash. This allows the ecosystem and species to recover quickly so that there is no permanent damage.

Limiting Factors

A limited number of factors prevent population growth from exceedingly large. Physical space is a key factor for plant populations. Food stock is another.

The act of opposing or withstanding something.
The population will shrink if its environmental resistance (lackof food, water, or other resources) exceeds the species’ reproduction ability.

It starts with your club’s goals and the activities you choose to accomplish them. It is now a major issue to be aware of how the environment and its resources are being protected. Preparation and research are required to create engaging activities at your school’s eco club.

Carbon footprints are the total amount of greenhouse gases that are emitted from an individual, organisation, event or product.
It is important to understand the environmental effects of your presence. The club’s purpose is enhanced by the ability to calculate the natural resources that each student consumes over a period of one, three, six, six, or twelve months. Every student has the ability to track their own fuel, water, and electricity consumption at edutopia.org. Each student can create a graph showing his consumption so that everyone can see how they compare. This allows you to show how your actions affect the environment and the Earth. This graph can be placed on a large poster at the cafeteria’s main entrance.

Reuse & Recycle

It is a great way for schools to be aware of recycling and collaborate on projects. Make a short proposal detailing the benefits to disposing of waste in trash containers and dividing plastics. Beyond the beautification of campus, explain the positive impacts of recycling canisters that are no longer in use and the benefits to the environment. You can also place bins or containers in classrooms and other strategic places on campus. Daily announcements are made about the project.

Tree planting

The importance of trees in sustainability can be increased by setting aside time on campus to start a tree planting campaign. Students will need to conduct hands-on research on the benefits trees provide, including producing oxygen, filtering carbon dioxide and reducing the ozone level in urban areas. Students can also describe their project and highlight the benefits of their campaign to help others understand their purpose.

World Environment Day

A club that is concerned with the environment should celebrate Earth Day. An Earth Day awareness rally or fair should be planned. There should be skits. Demonstrations. Community and environmental organization booths. Visuals or documentaries (such as “An Unconvenient Truth”) can help to inform students about the earth’s impact. Students can be educated about the advantages of organic foods and how they can reduce pollution.
Students from both undergraduate and postgraduate levels can learn about the different types of animals in the United States through Zoologist Programs.
Students are taught about the inner workings of animals, including how they reproduce. Individual programs may vary but most majors in zoology work with professors to complete research projects. They also spend time learning basic math and chemistry.

What schools are part of Northeastern?
Rutgers University offers a major in Zoology. It includes classes on biochemistry, mammalian physiologicallogy, animal behavior, evolutionary biology, and marine biology. The University of Maine has a number of undergraduate zoology programs. They cover everything related to animal biology, evolution, diversity and more. UM offers a bachelor of science and a bachelor of arts degree in zoology. Bachelor of Science The B.A. degree has more courses in the humanities, whereas the B.S. requires more science and math classes. The B.A. includes more humanities and social sciences. Graduates choose careers in research or education.

Schools in the Midwestern region of the United States.
Ohio State University’s program in Zoology trains students to work in the field. The program offers courses in biology, ecology and animal science. Northern Michigan University prepares students to work in museums, zoos and other agencies that deal with wildlife, animals, and fish. Students who wish to pursue graduate training in medicine and veterinary are also eligible for the undergraduate program.

Schools in the Southern region of the United States
Through hands-on research projects, field experiences and experiments, the University of Florida’s Zoology major prepares future biologists. The structure and function of ecosystems are just a few of the topics students will learn. The most popular classes are in genetics, anatomy, physiology, or both. Texas Tech University has a range of courses for undergrads in zoology. Courses in graduate zoology include advanced herpetology, molecular systems and evolution, mammalogy, and molecular system and evolution – the biology and behavior of reptiles and amphibians.

Schools in the western region
Colorado State University’s Zoology program prepares undergraduates for entry level careers and graduate programs, including veterinary school or medical school. The courses students take are in animal behavior, invertebrate species, physiology, genetics, evolution, ecology. CSU offers a minor zoology in addition to the animal science and fishery sciences majors. California’s Humboldt State University’s Zoology program allows students to study native animals in the school’s museums of vertebrate, invertebrate and other animal life. For marine biology majors, there is a marine laboratory at the school. The program graduates go on to become animal nutritionists, zoologists, or animal laboratory technicians.

It can be difficult to determine the exact date of the first religious stirrings in human civilisation. Every culture seems like it has left behind grave rituals. New archaeological evidence confirms that humans created sacred rites and religious concepts centuries ago. It is not surprising that Africa was the first continent to practice divine worship.

Stone Stories

Botswana is home to the Tsodilo Heights, which has the oldest record of a space for ritual appeasing deities or supplicating them. Norwegian archaeologists found a rock shaped like a Python on a cave walls. The rock was carved to emphasise its resemblances to the snake. The oldest artifacts found and tools used to carve them date back around 70,000 year ago. Researchers concluded that the site was sacred and was used for veneration. There was no evidence of humans having lived there. Bushmen from the indigenous San people believe the Tsodilo Hills to be sacred and are home to the gods. The discovery shows that prehistoric Africans were able to perform advanced religious rituals, which required complex organization and abstract thought 30,000 years ago. This is in contrast with similar European developments.

Caves & Graves

Graves can be used to confirm a culture’s belief of an afterlife. Grave goods, which are either mummified, confined to coffins or just buried in the ground, are used to mark the rank or profession in the afterlife and provide utilitarian values in it. Con Moong Cave is home to Paleolithic rock tools from Vietnam and the remains four Vietnamese who lived more than 10,000 year ago. Cave art is even better. Neanderthal-era Neanderthals created and painted a beautiful bestiary in southern France, Spain, and Northern Spain. The cave walls were 32,000 years old.
In caves such as Lascaux and Altamira, the art and its creation were highly sophisticated. The patterns found in the art may be related to fertility cycles or models of cosmos. An archaeological theory states that paintings may have depicted a creation myth as well as a three-tiered, middle-world and upper realm visited shamans by tribesmen.

Pilgrimage and Pillars

Neolithic builders met on a hill overlooking southern Turkey long before the pharaohs set up their monumental funerary monuments. Gobekli Tepe (or Potbelly Hill) contains around twenty rings of carved standing pillars. These pillars were carved from limestone slabs nearly 12,000 years old and then shaped. Some pillars measure 18 feet high and weigh 16 tonnes. They are all covered in elaborate animal designs, both symbolic and realistic. This art is quite frightening. Wild boars, wild lions, and scorpions are all common. Gobekli Tepe clearly serves as a pilgrimage and ritual center. There is no housing close by and it would have taken a lot of collaboration and cooperation from small nomadic tribes in order to complete the work.

Dragons & Oracle Bones

China’s Yangshao culture dates back to around 5,000 B.C. They display all signs of a passionate belief in life after death and ancestral worship. The Neolithic people in the Yellow River area developed complex burial practices as well as fertility rituals. Banpo Village, near Xi’an, was where the Banpo buried their shamans. The setting sun was in the west so the dead were placed with their heads towards the west. Longshan, a later civilization at the same location, focused on ancestor worship. It also offered divination.

The wild cougar populations of North Carolina once stretched from the coast to the Appalachian Mountains. This species, also known by the eastern cougar is rarely seen in the wild.

Where is this?
The eastern cugar (Pumaconcolor cauguar) is a rare sighting. According to North Carolina Natural Heritage Program, sightings in the Great Smoky Mountains National Park were reported in Pisgah National Forests, Nantahala National Forests. Blue Ridge Parkway was also reported.

Endangered

Due to the decline of their habitats and diets, North Carolina’s cougars have been threatened for decades. The cougars fled the area as more people built in their isolated habitat. The deer supply was not substantial. Hunting also contributed to an ever decreasing population.

What is being identified?
The cougar, also called puma, panther and mountain lion, has a light yellow to tan body with dark brown spots around its ears, tip of the long tail, and muzzle. According to North Carolina Ecological Services the cougar’s belly is pale or reddish and its ears are light-colored. The adult cat can grow to be 7 1/2 feet tall. Cats can weigh up to 150 lbs.

What sort of environment or habitat does something live in?
Cougars can be found in mountains, forests, and swamps, where deer are abundant. They can sometimes be found hiding in caves. The range of males is 25 miles or more, while the range of females is 5 to 20 miles.

Diet

According to the North Carolina Natural Heritage Program, although they eat primarily deer, cougars will also eat birds, squirrels and wild turkeys.

It is crucial to teach our children about the consequences of pollution and how they can take action in order to make the earth cleaner for the future. Students can learn more about pollution by engaging in hands-on activities and learning from lessons and descriptions. You can use a variety of activities to teach pollution awareness in the classroom.

Classroom discussion

Discuss the issue of pollution in class. Children can openly discuss the topic and share their opinions or experiences. Ask your students to describe their feelings about pollution. Ask them to tell you what they can do to make it better.

Station for Air Monitoring

The class can be taken to an air monitoring station nearby.
This will expose students to pollution and how it affects the environment and humans. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency has been protecting the environment since 1970. It measures the environmental impact of each pollutant on humans and the environment. Call the nearest EPA Office to arrange a tour.

Spreadsheet for the Transport Survey

Do a student survey and determine whether students bike, drive, take public transport, or ride school busses to school. Discuss the impacts of each mode of transportation once the data are collected. If possible, share the data with the school newspaper.

Famous People’s Heads
Celebrity heads are a great interactive activity that can be used in classrooms to teach about air pollution. There are many words you can use to describe pollution. Three to four students should be chosen to sit at the front. They must not look or hear the others and then choose one word or image of a term. The students in front will then ask their peers questions. If they get a “yes” answer, they will ask another question. But if they get a “no” answer, they lose their turn. The next student will ask the same question. This game teaches lessons about pollution and is fun.

UTM, which stands for Universal Transverse Mercator (or geographic coordinate system), is used to project an area from the earth’s top onto a flat 2-dimensional map. UTM projections minimize distortion caused by a flat surface, such as a paper sheet or computer screen. There are 60 UTM regions on the planet’s surface. Knowing the latitude, longitude, and location can help you determine which UTM zone it is.

You will need to determine the location’s latitude/longitude. You can look up the location using an atlas.

You can visualise the UTM zone map of DMAP UTM grid zones online. This map shows you the UTM grid grid cells that are numbered and superimposed on a globe map. This will allow you to identify the UTM zone in which your location falls.

Geodetic coordinates can be converted online by the National Geodetic Survey to UTM coordinates. This tool converts latitude/longitude in degrees to UTM Northing/Easting in meters. This online calculator can be used to input latitude/longitude. The output will show you UTM Northing/Easting.

Many people were killed and damaged by earthquakes, like the 1906 San Francisco earthquake and the Haiti earthquake of 2010. Students learn about earthquakes through Earthquake Projects in Schools. Learn about major earthquakes in the past, and evaluate whether builders and governments have learned from them.

Mapping earthquakes

Students use research from the internet to create a map and plot major earthquakes on the map. Colored pins could be used by students to indicate timing. Red pins could be used to show the time of recent earthquakes. This work could help students identify areas that are most vulnerable and to study common geological properties. This could lead students to study and discuss tectonic plates.

Earthquake Legends

Students explore the various legends of earthquakes from around the world. One legend in Assam describes a race that lives deep within the Earth and shakes the ground to see if anyone is there. Students can leave behind their scientific knowledge and create their own legends through creative writing. You could also use a drawing or painting to illustrate your work.

Model Making

Students could work in groups to build simple structures from wooden blocks. To check that the structure is still stable, they can bang the table under it. To see if the model holds together, they could make it again using a smaller or wider model. Once they have studied the history of tectonic plates and the principles of their motion, students can create a model to reproduce the actions of these plates.

Design for Buildings

Students examine the designs of earthquake-prone buildings in areas like San Francisco, Istanbul, and Haiti.
They could also examine the quality and materials of the constructions, as well assess how prepared they were for the earthquake. Each group could include a “geologist”, a “politician” and a “construction manager.” They would then be able to present to the class about the lessons learned and how building design has improved.

Students in third grade can learn how to write and research well with research papers. This allows them to gain knowledge about how to locate information and to evaluate the reliability of sources. This helps them organize their information and manage time, which is important because research papers are usually long-range assignments. It is important to grab a student’s attention by choosing the right topic for the research paper.

Subjects of Science

Science provides a wide variety of possibilities for research papers, from the larger content areas of plants, animals, weather, astronomy, human body and ecology/conservation. Some topics include the five senses, hurricanes and endangered species. Other topics include bats, butterflies, how to save energy at your home, how to avoid obesity, how to teach children to exercise, and how to eat right.

Social Studies

You can find many topics under the social studies category for third grade research papers. This includes studying past cultures such the Roman Empire or Atlantis legends, the Mayans and the Iroquois. There are many historical time periods and events that offer fascinating possibilities, such as the Renaissance. Also, military and war events make for interesting paper topics. Understanding human migrations and genocides is another compelling topic.

The Arts
Third-graders can explore a wide range of topics in the arts. You could write papers on Matisse, Picasso or Monet. The composers and musicians Beethoven, Mozart, and more modern musicians like Muddy waters, Bob Marley, or Muddy Wassers are just a few of the possible topics. Other topics that could be considered for papers include dance troupes and artistic periods.

Current events or controveries

Third graders might also be able to address topics like recent wars and deforestation. The topics include homeschooling and violent video games. They also discuss education and how to end childhood obesity. Children and smoking should be stopped. These topics might seem difficult for an 8- or nine-year-old, but they may already be knowledgeable and have opinions. The best way to engage your child in the learning process is to allow them the opportunity read on topics relevant to their grade.

To teach third-graders maps, you need to give them opportunities to make maps more tangible and less abstract. These activities will help students see how maps are important in their everyday lives. Students can have fun with geography by creating map projects.

A map depicting the elevation and layout of the land.
To aid students in understanding the topography and geography of a place or neighborhood, they can make a topographical cart. This activity is most useful for third graders if it uses their city or state. Topographical maps that cover smaller areas will be more detailed. Students can include small features such as the hill they climbed on their way to school and the creek running along it in their topographic maps.

Students make a topographic map using clay layers on sturdy surfaces like plywood. After the clay has dried, you can paint the map. If students are more mature, they may be able create topographical map based upon geological survey maps. This activity can be used to help students understand topography.

Going on a journey
Map activity for groups of 3 to 5 third-graders. Students are encouraged to recall past trips and even to other towns before they begin the activity. Be aware of the differences in countries, states, or towns. Each group should be provided with a map for the road trip activity. A state map works better for third-graders than a nationally mapped map. For students who are starting their first roadmap project, national maps will take more time and research.
Students will use the map to show how far they are willing to drive and the route they plan. To determine whether the town has gas stations or restaurants, students will examine the population in the towns they plan to drive through. Students can also research their destination and create a brochure.

Mural of the Map

Third-graders can create map murals. This activity is best for groups of 10-12 students. The teacher first hangs white butcher papers on the wall. The overhead projector projects onto the butcher-paper the map. Students then trace the map’s outline with pencils. It is likely that stepstools will be required. Students can then paint the outline and label it, making the map a decorative and colorful addition to their classroom.

The monitoring of hurricanes
hurricane tracker charts from National Weather Service. This activity requires that each student be given a tracker map. Students will be given a tracker sheet to keep track of hurricane activity in the area they are studying. The teacher will tell students how longitude and latitude the hurricane has been active. Students can use this information to predict the hurricane’s path and anticipated strength.

Students living in areas that are susceptible to hurricanes may be anxious. This is why it is important to learn about hurricanes in other places.

You can teach many concepts by using the theme of natural and weather disasters. Focus on natural disasters like tornadoes and hurricanes that could occur in your area. Many art activities can be developed around hurricanes, tornadoes or floods.

Create Hurricane

Show the class an image of a hurricane that was taken from space. Ask students to create this with paper and cotton. For the hurricane’s cloud rings, glue the cotton to the paper using a circular pattern.

Tornado Safety

Ask the class to draw a tornado using tempera paints or watercolors. Next, ask students to write stories about tornado safety. Ask each student to write a story about tornado safety.

A map of worldwide hurricanes
Hurricanes develop over the oceans and impact coasts around the world. Ask students for help in drawing or painting a map showing the locations where natural disasters could occur. You can use markers and paints. Discuss preparations for a hurricane watch, warning, or other emergency.

When planned well, field trips can be a great way to make your students feel relaxed and give them an educational experience beyond the classroom. No matter what subject you choose, your field trip can still be educational and fun.

Planetariums: An Overview

Second graders learn more about the solar systems and the basic principles behind force and motion. A visit to the planetarium will add fun and effectiveness to their learning. Many planetariums welcome classes and offer a variety of presentation options. A planetarium may be the perfect place to take your class on a field trip.

Museums

You can also give your students the opportunity to learn in a fascinating and educational environment by letting them visit museums. There are many museums that can be found to suit your needs. To supplement your studies on human families, your class can visit a history museum. You can also visit a science center to learn about the lives of animals. Many museums have exhibitions that can be used in your classes. The American Museum of Natural History (New York City) has many exhibits that cover topics such as outer space, plants and animals, and history of humankind.

Great Outdoors

Your students can have fun exploring farms, orchards and pumpkin patches. You can take your students on a farm tour to show them how plants are used as food by animals like cows. They then produce milk for people. You can take your child to an apple orchard/pump patch to learn more about the life cycles of plants.
Students might be able to see rotten pumpkins in their patch. Or, you could cut open an apple and show how the seeds were used to grow the trees in your orchard.

Going to the theater is a great experience. It can provide a lot of entertainment and excitement. Watching a play live is an unforgettable experience, and it can be a great way to spend an evening.
Your students should be exposed to the theatre arts as part of their art education. Taking them to see a professional production will allow them to experience the wonder of theater in action. Students can experience first-class stage design, acting on the stage, and dancing and choreography. Many theatres offer discounted tickets for school trips. The McCallum Theatre offers free admission for schools in California.